Alexandria · the 754th year since the founding of Rome · 1 CE

The First Vision

Sophia’s Visions, Part 1 · Future forms · B1–B2

Before you read

Words to know

WordMeaning
a visionsomething you see in your mind, as if in a dream, often of the future
to freezeto stop moving suddenly (here: because of a shock)
an embassya group of people sent to speak to a ruler for their city or people
to mockto laugh at someone in an unkind way
a riotviolence in the streets by a large, angry crowd
to spare someone somethingto keep something painful from someone

Think first. If you could see your own future, would you want to? And if you saw a friend’s future, would you tell them everything?

While you read, notice every verb that talks about the future. Sophia uses many different forms, and each one means something slightly different.

The story

Philo: “Read it slowly. This is the day when everything began to change for her, although none of us knew it.”

It was late in the afternoon, and the reading room was full of gold light. Marcos was lying across a bench with his feet on a pile of scrolls, which he knew Sophia hated.

“When I’m older,” he announced to the ceiling, “I’m going to be a senator. I’ll have a house on the Palatine, and I’ll never read anything again.”

“You will,” said Demetria, without looking up from her copying. “You’ll read the bills.”

Sophia smiled and lifted his feet off the scrolls, one at a time. “Tomorrow we’re reading Herodotus,” she said. “The lesson starts at the second hour. If you’re late, you will be copying his whole first book by the end of the month.”

Then Philo came in, almost running, with a bundle of papyrus under his arm and ink on his cheek.

“I’ve decided,” he said. “I’m going to explain Moses to the Greeks. Not just translate him: explain him. The garden, the serpent, the ladder to heaven. It all means something deeper, Sophia, and I’m going to show it. I’ll have written the first book by the spring.”

“Show me,” she said, and held out her hand.

He gave her the first sheet. Her fingers touched the wet ink, and she froze.

She was standing in a cold hall of marble, far from the sea. An old man was waiting in front of a young emperor, and the old man had Philo’s eyes. The emperor was walking quickly from room to room, giving orders about windows and paintings, and he did not look at the old man once. Then he turned and laughed. “Why don’t you people eat pork?” he asked, and his courtiers laughed with him. The old man did not laugh. Behind him, very far away, she saw smoke rising over the eastern quarter of a city she knew.

“Sophia?”

The reading room came back. Philo was looking at her. So was Demetria. Even Marcos had sat up.

“You were somewhere else,” Philo said.

Sophia looked down at the sheet in her hand. Her thumb had left a mark in the ink. “It’s good,” she said. “It’s very good. People will be reading you for a long time, Philo. A very long time.”

“How long?”

“Longer than this library will be standing.” She gave the sheet back to him, carefully, and he laughed, because he thought she was joking.

She did not tell him the rest. She did not tell him that one day, when he was old, he was going to travel to Rome for his people, and that a young emperor would mock him. She did not tell him about the smoke. Some things, she thought, a friend should be spared, at least for now.

That evening, when the others had gone, Demetria found her alone at the window, watching the lamps being lit on the Pharos.

“What did you see?” Demetria asked quietly.

Sophia was silent for a long time. “I don’t know yet,” she said at last. “But I think I’m going to find out.”

And as she spoke, there was one more picture, quick as a flash of lightning: a broad-faced soldier with the hands of a farmer, sitting in the great temple of Serapis, and a blind man kneeling at his feet. Then it was gone, and there was only the lighthouse, and the dark sea.

Sophia’s grammar: talking about the future

English has no single “future tense”. Instead, it has several ways of talking about the future, and each one shows how the speaker sees what is coming. Sophia, who sees the future more clearly than anyone, uses them all.

FormUseFrom the story
will + verbpredictions; promises; decisions made at the moment of speakingPeople will be reading you for a long time. / “You will,” said Demetria.
be going to + verbplans and intentions; predictions based on what we can see nowI’m going to be a senator. / I think I’m going to find out.
present continuousarrangements already made with other peopleTomorrow we’re reading Herodotus.
present simpletimetables and schedules; also after if, when, until about the futureThe lesson starts at the second hour. / If you’re late…
future continuous (will be + -ing)an action in progress at a time in the futureYou will be copying his whole first book.
future perfect (will have + past participle)an action completed before a time in the futureI’ll have written the first book by the spring.
future in the past (was going to / would)the future seen from a point in the past: the form of a storyteller who knows what happened nextHe was going to travel to Rome… a young emperor would mock him.

Sophia’s note. “Look at the last line of the table. When I tell you what I saw, I am standing in the past and looking forward: he was going to travel, the emperor would mock him. Every historian uses this form. So does every prophet.”

Careful! After if, when, as soon as, before, after and until, we use a present form, not will: When I’m older, I’m going to be a senator (not When I will be older).

Practice

A. Choose the best form

    B. Write the verb in the future form shown in brackets

      C. Sophia tells the story: future in the past

      Rewrite Sophia’s vision as a storyteller. Change the verb in brackets to was/were going to or would + verb.

        What we know

        Sophia’s visions are fiction. The history inside them is not. Here is how sure we can be.

        Settled. Philo of Alexandria was a real Jewish philosopher from one of the richest families in the city. He wrote many books in Greek explaining the books of Moses as allegories, and a great many of them still survive. He lived long enough to lead an embassy of Alexandrian Jews to the emperor Gaius (Caligula) in Rome around 39–40 CE, after riots against the Jews of Alexandria in 38 CE.
        Settled. The scene in the vision comes from Philo’s own book, The Embassy to Gaius. He describes the emperor hurrying through his villas giving orders about the buildings, and asking the Jewish envoys why they did not eat pork while his courtiers laughed.
        Debated. Philo’s exact dates. He was probably born around 20–15 BCE, which would make him a young man in 1 CE, as in our story, but no ancient source gives his birth year.
        Debated. How fair Philo’s account is. He is our main witness to the riots of 38 CE and to the Roman prefect Flaccus, and he was writing for his own side. Historians use him with care, as they use every ancient writer.
        Unknown. Who the broad-faced soldier in the temple of Serapis is. You will find out in a later part. (Clue: look for Alexandria in the year 69 CE.)

        Talk about it

        1. Sophia tells Philo something true (“People will be reading you for a long time”) but not the whole truth. Was she right? When is it kind to keep something back, and when is it wrong?
        2. Marcos says he is going to be a senator. What are you going to do in ten years’ time? What do you think you will be doing?
        3. Philo wrote for his own people. Can a historian who is part of the story be trusted? What would you need to check?

        These questions work like Part 4 of the Cambridge Speaking exam: give your opinion, explain why, and give an example.

        The gamebook: Sophia’s Silence

        You are a new student at the Library. On the evening after the story, Sophia does not come back from the Pharos at the hour she promised. Find her before the gates of the Library close for the night. Roll the dice when you are told; answer the scribe’s questions to gain help.

        Next: Part 2, The King of Mockery (premium): the riots of 38 CE, and the prefect Flaccus. · All of Sophia’s Visions